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Brain Structure

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The "brain structure" type includes all anatomical structures of the human brain. more

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Entorhinal cortex Anatomical structure
The entorhinal cortex (EC) is an important memory center in the brain. The EC forms the main input to the hippocampus and is responsible for the pre-processing (familiarity) of the input signals. In the reflex nictitating membrane response of...
Broca's area Approximate location of Wernicke's area highlighted in gray Anatomical structure
Broca's area is a section of the human brain that is involved in language processing, speech or sign production, and comprehension. Broca's area is named after the 19th-century physician Paul Broca. The concept of Broca's Area was originally...
Substantia nigra Anatomical structure
The substantia nigra (Latin for "black substance", Sömmering) or locus niger is a heterogeneous portion of the midbrain, separating the pes (foot) from the tegmentum (covering), and an accessory to the basal ganglia system. It consists of two...
Hypothalamus LocationOfHypothalamus Anatomical structure
The hypothalamus links the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland (hypophysis). The hypothalamus, (from Greek ὑποθαλαμος = under the thalamus) is located below the thalamus, just above the brain stem. This brain region...
Thalamus Anatomical structure
The thalamus (from Greek θάλαμος = room, chamber, IPA= /ˈθæləməs/) is a pair and symmetric part of the brain. It constitutes the main part of the diencephalon. In the caudal (tail) to rostral (head) sequence of neuromeres, the diencephalon is...
Basal ganglia Brain structures implicated in Tourette's syndrome Anatomical structure
The basal ganglia (or basal nuclei) are a group of nuclei in the brain interconnected with the cerebral cortex, thalamus and brainstem. Mammal basal ganglia are associated with a variety of functions: motor control, cognition, emotions, and learning...
Medulla oblongata Anatomical structure
The medulla oblongata is the lower portion of the brainstem. It deals with autonomic functions, such as breathing and blood pressure. The cardiac center is the part of the medulla oblongata responsible for controlling the heart rate. By anatomical...
Pons Anatomical structure
The pons (sometimes pons Varolii after Costanzo Varolio) is a structure located on the brain stem. It is rostral to the medulla oblongata, caudal to the midbrain, and ventral to the cerebellum. In human and other biped this means it is above the...
Brain stem Red:Frontal lobe Anatomical structure
The brain stem (or brainstem) is the lower part of the brain, adjoining and structurally continuous with the spinal cord. The brain stem provides the main motor and sensory innervation to the face and neck via the cranial nerves. The neurons of the...
Corpus callosum Anatomical structure
The corpus callosum is a structure of the mammal brain in the longitudinal fissure that connects the left and right cerebral hemisphere. It is the largest white matter structure in the brain, consisting of 200-250 million contralateral axon...
Ventricular system איור המראה את המיקום של חדרי המוח ביחס לפני השטח שלו Anatomical structure
The ventricular system is a set of structures in the brain continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord. The system comprises four ventricles: there are a few little holes in the brain leading from these ventricles, though only the first...
Dentate gyrus Diagram of hippocampal regions. DG: Dentate gyrus. Anatomical structure
The dentate gyrus is part of the hippocampal formation. It is thought to contribute to new memories as well as other functional roles. It is notable as being one of a select few brain structures currently known to have high rates of neurogenesis in...
Cingulate cortex Anatomical structure
The cingulate cortex is a part of the brain situated in the medial aspect of the cortex. It is extended from the corpus callosum below to the cingulate sulcus above, at least anteriorly. Cingulum means belt in Latin. The name was likely chosen...
Brodmann area Image of brain with Brodmann areas numbered Anatomical structure
A Brodmann area is a region of the cortex defined based on its cytoarchitecture, or organization of cells. Brodmann areas were originally defined and numbered by Korbinian Brodmann based on the organization of neuron he observed in the cortex using...
Cingulate sulcus Cingulate sulcus Anatomical structure
The cingulate sulcus is a sulcus (brain fold) on the medial wall of the cerebral cortex.
Caudate nucleus Anatomical structure
The caudate nucleus is a nucleus located within the basal ganglia of the brain of many animal species. The caudate, originally thought to primarily be involved with control of voluntary movement, is now known to be an important part of the brain's...
Olfactory bulb Vesalius' Fabrica, 1543. Human Olfactory bulbs and Olfactory tracts outlined in red Anatomical structure
The olfactory bulb is a structure of the vertebrate forebrain involved in olfaction, the perception of odors. In most vertebrates, the olfactory bulb is the most rostral (forward) part of the brain. In humans, however, the olfactory bulb is on the...
Parietal lobe   Anatomical structure
The parietal lobe is a lobe in the brain. It is positioned above (superior to) the occipital lobe and behind (posterior to) the frontal lobe. The parietal lobe integrates sensory information from different modalities, particularly determining...
Temporal lobe   Anatomical structure
The temporal lobes are parts of the cerebrum that are involved in speech, memory, and hearing. They lie at the sides of the brain, beneath the lateral or Sylvian fissure. Seen in profile, the human brain looks something like a boxing glove. The...
Frontal lobe   Anatomical structure
The frontal lobe is an area in the brain of mammal. It is located at the front of each cerebral hemisphere and positioned anterior to (in front of) the parietal lobe and above and anterior to the temporal lobe. It is separated from the parietal lobe...
Central sulcus Anatomical structure
The central sulcus is a fold in the cerebral cortex of brain in vertebrates. Also called the central fissure, it was originally called the fissure of Rolando or the Rolandic fissure, after Luigi Rolando. The central sulcus is a prominent landmark...
Occipital lobe   Anatomical structure
The occipital lobe is the visual processing center of the mammal brain containing most of the anatomical region of the visual cortex. The primary visual cortex is Brodmann area 17, commonly called V1 (visual one). Human V1 is located on the medial...
Prosencephalon Anatomical structure
In the anatomy of the brain of vertebrates, the prosencephalon (or forebrain) is the rostral-most (forward-most) portion of the brain. The prosencephalon, the mesencephalon (midbrain), and rhombencephalon (hindbrain) are the three primary portions...
Globus pallidus Brain structures implicated in Tourette's syndrome Anatomical structure
The globus pallidus (Latin for "pale globe") is a sub-cortical structure of the brain. It is a major element of the basal ganglia system. In this system, it is a major constituent of the basal ganglia core, which consists of the striatum and its...
Mesencephalon Anatomical structure
In biological anatomy, the mesencephalon (or midbrain) comprises the tectum (or corpora quadrigemini), tegmentum, the ventricular mesocoelia (or "iter"), and the cerebral peduncles, as well as several nuclei and fasciculi. Caudally the mesencephalon...
Cerebral peduncle Anatomical structure
The cerebral peduncle, by most classifications, is everything in the mesencephalon except the tectum. The region includes the midbrain tegmentum, crus cerebri, substantia nigra and pretectum. By this definition, the cerebral peduncles are also known...
Rhinencephalon Anatomical structure
In animal anatomy, the rhinencephalon is a part of the brain involved with olfaction. Some references classify other areas of the brain related to perception of smell as rhinencephalon, but the areas of human brains that receive fibers strictly...
Raphe nuclei Anatomical structure
The raphe nuclei (Latin: raphe = 'seam'; nuclei = cell 'clusters'; pronounced RAY-fee) are a moderate-size cluster of nuclei found in the brain stem. Their main function is to release serotonin to the rest of the brain. Selective serotonin reuptake...
Mammillary body Anatomical structure
The mammillary bodies (mamillary bodies) are a pair of small round bodies, located on the undersurface of the brain, that form part of the limbic system. They are located at the ends of the anterior arches of the fornix. They consist of two groups...
Choroid plexus Anatomical structure
The choroid plexus is the area on the ventricle of the brain where cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is produced by modified ependymal cells. Choroid plexus is present in all components of the ventricular system except for the cerebral aqueduct and the...